Fresh SSB batches start around the 1st & 15th of every month.
🗣️ "We fight to win and win with a knock-out, because there is no second prize in war."
— Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw
Introduction
- The India-Pakistan War of 1971 was a decisive military conflict that led to the creation of Bangladesh.
- It lasted just 13 days (3rd–16th December 1971)—one of the shortest wars in history.
- It showcased India’s military, diplomatic, and moral leadership on the global stage.
Background
- Pakistan (then West Pakistan) discriminated against its eastern part (now Bangladesh) in language, economy, and political rights.
- In March 1971, West Pakistan launched Operation Searchlight, targeting Bengali civilians and intellectuals, leading to a massive refugee crisis in India.
- India received nearly 10 million refugees, putting economic and humanitarian pressure.
Course of the War
- On 3rd December 1971, Pakistan attacked Indian air bases, prompting a full-scale Indian military response.
- Indian Armed Forces, under General Sam Manekshaw, coordinated attacks on both Eastern and Western fronts.
- Indian Navy conducted Operation Trident and Operation Python, crippling Karachi’s port.
- On 16th December 1971, 93,000 Pakistani soldiers surrendered—the largest military surrender since World War II.
- Bangladesh was officially liberated.
Role of International Actors
- USA and China were supporting Pakistan. The US sent the 7th Fleet to the Bay of Bengal as a show of support.
- India maintained global diplomacy with Soviet support (Indo-Soviet Treaty of Peace and Friendship, 1971), deterring Western interference.
Outcomes
✅ Creation of Bangladesh – A new nation was born.
✅ India’s emergence – As a regional superpower with strong diplomatic and military capability.
✅ Humanitarian victory – India stood for the rights of oppressed people.
✅ National unity – Citizens supported the war effort in solidarity.
Conclusion
The 1971 war was a landmark event that reshaped South Asian geopolitics. It reflected India’s commitment to justice, courage of its armed forces, and effective leadership. The victory continues to inspire and remind us of the power of decisive action in the face of oppression.
